Common mistakes

Entreprise or société: four translation traps about companies and society

Both entreprise and société can mean a company. Learn when société means society and entreprise means an undertaking, with examples and a quiz.

In short

Une entreprise is a business or company; une société can also be a company. Société also means society, while entreprise can mean an undertaking. Compare une société de services (a service company), la société actuelle (today’s society) and une entreprise difficile (a difficult undertaking).

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Three colleagues work at laptops in a small translation office.
Both entreprise and société can describe the same company. Illustration: Atelier

What is the difference between entreprise and société?

  • une société de servicesa service societya service company

    Elle travaille pour une société de services informatiques.She works for an IT services company.

    Here, société names the employer. You can also describe a business as une entreprise de services informatiques.

  • la société actuellethe current companytoday’s society

    Le débat porte sur la place du travail dans la société actuelle.The debate is about the place of work in today’s society.

    For your current employer, say mon entreprise actuelle. The debate here concerns social life as a whole.

  • une entreprise difficilea difficult companya difficult undertaking

    Traduire tous ces textes en un mois est une entreprise difficile.Translating all these texts in a month is a difficult undertaking.

    The subject is a task: translating the texts. Entreprise here names the undertaking, rather than an employer.

  • la vie en sociétélife at a companyliving together in society

    Le respect des autres facilite la vie en société.Respect for others makes living together easier.

    For life at work, use la vie en entreprise. La vie en société concerns how people live together.

une entreprisea business, a company

Focus: the business and its activity

Cette entreprise emploie vingt personnes.
This company employs twenty people.

Elle souhaite créer son entreprise.
She wants to start her own business.

une sociétéa company

Focus: the organisation in an ordinary workplace description

Cette société emploie vingt personnes.
This company employs twenty people.

Elle travaille dans une société internationale.
She works for an international company.

Both versions of “This company employs twenty people” work. In everyday conversation, you can describe the same employer with either noun. To make the business meaning clear, add its activity: une entreprise de traduction, une société de traduction. For a wider social topic, use phrases such as la société française, les changements dans la société or vivre en société.

Both nouns are feminine
SingularPluralMeaning
une nouvelle entreprisede nouvelles entreprisesa new business / new businesses
une société françaisedes sociétés françaisesa French company / French companies
Après le travail
  1. Nora

    Tu travailles toujours dans la même entreprise ?

    Do you still work for the same company?

  2. Alex

    Non, j’ai rejoint une société de traduction. Nous sommes douze.

    No, I’ve joined a translation company. There are twelve of us.

  3. Nora

    Et ton cours du soir ?

    And your evening course?

  4. Alex

    Ce soir, on parle de la place des langues dans la société.

    Tonight, we’re talking about the place of languages in society.

Question 1No account needed
What does société mean in Alex’s last line?

Choose one answer.

Answer and explanation

Society as a whole. The place of languages in society is a social topic, broader than Alex’s employer.

Question 2No account needed
Which pair can both describe an employer?

Choose one answer.

Answer and explanation

une entreprise de traduction / une société de traduction. Both phrases in the first pair name a translation business.

Question 3No account needed
Translate “a difficult undertaking” in the sentence about translating texts.

Choose one answer.

Answer and explanation

une entreprise difficile. Une entreprise difficile describes the demanding task of translating the texts.

Question 4No account needed
Complete the adjective agreement.Elle travaille dans une ___ société.

Choose one answer.

Answer and explanation

nouvelle. Société is feminine singular, so the adjective is nouvelle.