Dialogue

French questions: everyday word order, est-ce que or inversion?

Read a course-enquiry dialogue, compare three French question frames and practise inversion, est-ce qu’ and indirect questions with clear examples.

In short

French has three common direct-question frames: Tu viens ?, Est-ce que tu viens ? and Viens-tu ? After est-ce que, keep subject–verb order. With inversion, join the verb and subject pronoun with a hyphen.

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A visitor asks about evening classes at reception.
The visitor asks about des cours de français le soir. Illustration: Atelier
Your lines are hidden in practice mode. Say them aloud, then reveal to compare.
  1. Accueil

    Bonsoir, je vous écoute.

    English

    Good evening, how can I help?

  2. Vous

    Bonsoir. Vous proposez des cours de français le soir ?

    Greet the receptionist and ask about evening French classes.

    English

    Good evening. Do you offer French classes in the evening?

  3. Accueil

    Oui, le mardi et le jeudi.

    English

    Yes, on Tuesdays and Thursdays.

  4. Vous

    Est-ce que vous avez encore des places ?

    Ask whether there are still places, keeping the subject before the verb.

    English

    Do you still have places available?

  5. Accueil

    Oui, dans le groupe du jeudi.

    English

    Yes, in the Thursday group.

  6. Vous

    À quelle heure est-ce que le cours commence ?

    Ask what time the class starts, using the question frame before the subject.

    English

    What time does the class start?

  7. Accueil

    À dix-huit heures trente.

    English

    At half past six.

  8. Vous

    Et il finit à quelle heure ?

    Ask the finishing time with everyday word order.

    English

    And what time does it finish?

  9. Accueil

    À dix-neuf heures trente.

    English

    At half past seven.

  10. Vous

    Est-ce qu’il y a cours pendant les vacances ?

    Ask whether there are classes during the holidays.

    English

    Are there classes during the holidays?

  11. Accueil

    Non, les cours reprennent après les vacances.

    English

    No, classes resume after the holidays.

  12. Vous

    Puis-je commencer jeudi prochain ?

    Ask politely whether you may start next Thursday.

    English

    May I start next Thursday?

  13. Accueil

    Oui, bien sûr.

    English

    Yes, of course.

  14. Vous

    Pourriez-vous me confirmer la date par mail ?

    Ask for email confirmation with an inverted polite request.

    English

    Could you confirm the date by email?

  15. Accueil

    Oui. Quelle est votre adresse mail ?

    English

    Yes. What is your email address?

  16. Vous

    Je vais vous l’envoyer. Merci pour ces renseignements.

    Say you will send it and thank the receptionist for the information.

    English

    I’ll send it to you. Thank you for the information.

Est-ce que, inversion or intonation: which question form?

Choose one frame at a time
Everyday speechEst-ce queInversion
Vous avez une place ?Est-ce que vous avez une place ?Avez-vous une place ?
Elle vient jeudi ?Est-ce qu’elle vient jeudi ?Vient-elle jeudi ?
Vous habitez où ?Où est-ce que vous habitez ?Où habitez-vous ?

Everyday word order works in a courteous exchange: the greeting, vous and the request all contribute to the tone. Inversion is common in careful writing and useful phrases such as Pourriez-vous… ? Est-ce que gives you a question frame while keeping ordinary order after it.

When do you add a hyphen or a t in a French question?

Four details to notice
PatternExampleReason
que → qu’Est-ce qu’elle vient ?Elision before a vowel.
insert -t-A-t-elle confirmé ?Link a and elle.
keep the existing tVient-elle jeudi ?Vient already ends in t.
invert the auxiliaryAvez-vous confirmé ?Avez is the conjugated verb.

In the dialogue, Puis-je is a useful fixed question form of pouvoir. Keep one frame: Est-ce que vous avez une place ? or Avez-vous une place ? Combining them into Est-ce que avez-vous une place ? mixes the two patterns.

Je voudrais savoir à quelle heure le cours commence.

I’d like to know what time the class starts.

An indirect question keeps subject before verb. It is a statement about the information you want.

Question 1No account needed
Choose the complete est-ce que question.

Choose one answer.

Answer and explanation

Est-ce que vous venez jeudi ?. After est-ce que, keep ordinary subject–verb order: vous venez.

Question 2No account needed
Choose the correctly linked inversion.

Choose one answer.

Answer and explanation

A-t-elle confirmé ?. Insert -t- between a and elle, with a hyphen on each side.

Question 3No account needed
Keep the existing final t.

Choose one answer.

Answer and explanation

Vient-elle jeudi ?. Vient already ends in t, so join it straight to elle with a hyphen.

Question 4No account needed
Complete the indirect question.Je voudrais savoir ___.

Choose one answer.

Answer and explanation

à quelle heure il commence. The standard indirect question keeps il commence, with no inversion or est-ce que.