Verb drill

Apprendre or étudier: learn the meaning, practise the forms

Use étudier for studying a subject and apprendre for learning a skill or teaching someone. Practise both present tenses and the key à constructions.

In short

Étudier means studying or examining a subject: J’étudie l’histoire. Apprendre means learning: J’apprends le français or J’apprends à nager. Add a learner after à, and apprendre can mean teaching: J’apprends le français à mon frère.

Yellow the idea to rememberBlue French to learn

An adult and a child preparing an omelette together in a kitchen.
Someone can apprendre à cuisiner or teach another person. Illustration: Atelier

What is the difference between apprendre and étudier-

Subject, skill or learner?
MeaningPatternExample
study a subjectétudier + nomElle étudie la médecine.
learn somethingapprendre + nomNous apprenons une chanson.
learn to do somethingapprendre à + infinitifTu apprends à conduire.
teach someone somethingapprendre quelque chose à quelqu’unElle apprend le français à son frère.

J’étudie le français à l’université et j’apprends de nouveaux mots chaque jour.

I study French at university and learn new words every day.

Both verbs fit a language: étudier le français highlights the study activity; apprendre le français highlights learning it. Use apprendre à for a practical skill. The à comes before the action, as in apprendre à cuisiner. With a noun, say apprendre une chanson.

Present tense — study first
Subjectapprendreétudier
jej’apprendsj’étudie
tutu apprendstu étudies
il / elle / onil / elle / on apprendil / elle / on étudie
nousnous apprenonsnous étudions
vousvous apprenezvous étudiez
ils / ellesils / elles apprennentils / elles étudient

Who is learning?

Léa apprend à cuisiner.Léa is learning to cook.

Focus: Léa is the learner.

Elle apprend avec son père.
She is learning with her father.

Léa apprend à son frère à cuisiner.Léa is teaching her brother to cook.

Focus: Her brother is the learner.

Elle lui apprend à faire une omelette.
She is teaching him to make an omelette.

The learner can also appear as a short pronoun: Mon père m’apprend à cuisiner. Here m’ means “me”, and the father teaches. A useful past expression is J’ai appris une bonne nouvelle — “I heard some good news”. Learning can happen in a conversation as well as a classroom.

1 · Write the present form of the verb in brackets

  1. J’ le français. (apprendre)
  2. Nous l’histoire. (étudier)
  3. Les enfants une chanson. (apprendre)
  4. Vous la médecine. (étudier)
  5. Ma sœur à conduire. (apprendre)
  6. Tu ce document. (étudier)

2 · Supply the missing preposition

  1. Elle apprend nager. (learn to swim)
  2. Il apprend le français sa fille. (teach his daughter)

Question 1No account needed
Who is learning in this sentence?Léa apprend le français à son frère.

Choose one answer.

Answer and explanation

Léa’s brother. à son frère names the learner receiving Léa’s teaching. Léa is teaching him.

Question 2No account needed
Choose “We are learning to drive”.

Choose one answer.

Answer and explanation

Nous apprenons à conduire.. The skill pattern is apprendre à followed by an infinitive, here conduire.