Cheat sheet

Aussi convient-il: a cheat sheet for formal “therefore”

Read and write formal consequential aussi with inversion: convient-il, devons-nous and a-t-elle. Compare the everyday meaning “also” and test four choices.

In short

At the start of a formal statement, aussi can mean “therefore”: Le délai est court. Aussi devons-nous agir vite. In this pattern, the subject pronoun follows the verb. Inside a sentence, aussi commonly means “also”: Nous devons aussi prévenir Léa.

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A colleague gathering missing papers into a folder.
An incomplete dossier calls for a practical next step. Illustration: Atelier

Aussi · la conséquence à l’écrit

1 · Put the reason first

Give the situation, then open its consequence with aussi. A full stop or semicolon separates the two statements.

Le dossier est incomplet. Aussi convient-il de demander les pièces manquantes.The file is incomplete. It is therefore appropriate to request the missing documents.

2 · Invert a pronoun subject

The verb and pronoun are joined by a hyphen. These are statements, so finish with a full stop.

aussi devons-noustherefore we must
aussi faut-iltherefore it is necessary
aussi convient-il deit is therefore appropriate to

Le délai est court ; aussi faut-il répondre rapidement.The deadline is close, so a quick reply is needed.

3 · Keep a named subject before the verb

Repeat the noun subject with a matching inverted pronoun: Nora → elle, les responsables → ils.

Les demandes se multiplient. Aussi les responsables ont-ils prolongé le délai.Requests are multiplying. The organisers have therefore extended the deadline.

4 · Add -t- only where needed

Use a-t-elle and décide-t-il. A verb already ending in t or d takes the pronoun directly: convient-il, prend-il.

Le groupe s’agrandit. Aussi Nora a-t-elle prévu une seconde séance.The group is growing. Nora has therefore scheduled a second session.

5 · Keep aussi attached to its clause

In this formal pattern, continue straight into the inverted clause: Aussi convient-il… Keep the comma out of that opening.

La réponse reste ambiguë. Aussi demandons-nous une précision.The answer remains ambiguous. We are therefore asking for clarification.

6 · Compare the meaning “also”

Additive aussi adds something. It fits naturally inside the clause and keeps ordinary subject–verb order.

Nora a aussi prévu une pause.Nora has also scheduled a break.

Moi aussi, je souhaite participer.I want to take part too.

How do you say “therefore” in plainer French?

Choose the register that fits your message
Formal written statementEveryday wording
Le délai est court. Aussi devons-nous agir vite.Le délai est court, donc nous devons agir vite.
Le dossier est incomplet. Aussi convient-il de le compléter.Le dossier est incomplet. Il faut donc le compléter.

Convient-il belongs to the impersonal expression il convient de. Its il stays singular. With a named person or group, choose the pronoun that matches that subject. In a compound tense, invert the auxiliary: ont-ils prolongé, a-t-elle prévu.

Question 1No account needed
What does the second sentence mean?Le délai est court. Aussi devons-nous agir vite.

Choose one answer.

Answer and explanation

We must therefore act quickly.. The first sentence gives the reason; opening aussi introduces its consequence.

Question 2No account needed
Complete the formal statement.Le délai est court. Aussi ___ répondre rapidement.

Choose one answer.

Answer and explanation

faut-il. Faut already ends in t. Join it directly to il with one hyphen.

Question 3No account needed
Keep the named subject Nora.Le groupe s’agrandit. Aussi Nora ___ prévu une seconde séance.

Choose one answer.

Answer and explanation

a-t-elle. The resumptive pronoun is elle, matching Nora; a needs the linking -t-.

Question 4No account needed
What does aussi add here?Nora a aussi prévu une pause.

Choose one answer.

Answer and explanation

One more arrangement.. Inside this clause, aussi means “also”: Nora made another arrangement.