Common mistakes

Elle est médecin or c’est une médecin? Five profession patterns

Choose between elle est médecin and c’est une médecin. Fix five common profession patterns, including plural jobs, feminine titles and specific roles.

In short

For a plain occupation after a personal subject, use no article: Elle est médecin. To identify someone with c’est, use a complete noun phrase: C’est une médecin. A specific role keeps its article or possessive: Elle est la directrice de cette école.

Yellow the idea to rememberBlue French to learn

An architect examining a small model house.
C’est une architecte identifies the person and profession. Illustration: Atelier

Nora est architecte.Nora is an architect.

Focus: stating her occupation

C’est une architecte.She is an architect.

Focus: identifying the person

C’est une excellente architecte.She is an excellent architect.

Focus: adding an evaluation

English uses “an” in all three translations. French changes the structure. In the first sentence, the bare job title follows a personal subject and être. In the other two, c’est introduces a noun phrase with an article.

  • Elle est médecin.Elle est médecine.She is a doctor.

    Ma sœur est médecin.My sister is a doctor.

    Médecin is the person; la médecine is the field of medicine. A plain job title after elle est takes no article.

  • C’est une architecte.C’est architecte.She is an architect.

    Voici Nora. C’est une architecte.Here is Nora. She is an architect.

    Use c’est with an article or another determiner: C’est mon architecte is another useful introduction.

  • Nous sommes journalistes.Nous sommes journaliste.We are journalists.

    Nous sommes journalistes et nous travaillons ensemble.We are journalists and we work together.

    The article disappears in the plain occupation pattern, but the noun still takes its plural ending.

  • C’est une avocate.C’est une avocat.She is a lawyer.

    C’est une avocate très connue.She is a very well-known lawyer.

    Match the title and the article: un avocat, une avocate. In architecte and journaliste, the noun has the same spelling for a man or a woman.

  • Il n’est pas médecin.Il n’est pas de médecin.He is not a doctor.

    Il n’est pas médecin, il est pharmacien.He is not a doctor; he is a pharmacist.

    Negation keeps the bare profession pattern. Compare the identifying version: Ce n’est pas un médecin.

Elle est médecin or c’est une médecin?

Each structure has a useful job
FrenchWhat it says
Elle est directrice.Her occupation or function.
Elle est la directrice de cette école.The specific role she holds.
Elle est notre responsable.Her role in relation to us.
C’est une bonne directrice.An evaluation of her work.
Ce sont des journalistes.A standard written plural identification.

For a positive evaluation, C’est un bon médecin is a useful model. You can also meet personal-subject sentences such as Elle est une spécialiste reconnue. The bare profession rule applies to the simple occupation pattern; a fuller identifying or descriptive noun phrase can keep a determiner.

Question 1No account needed
Simply state the occupation.

Choose one answer.

Answer and explanation

Elle est architecte.. After the personal subject elle and est, the plain profession is bare: architecte.

Question 2No account needed
Complete a standard written plural identification.Ce sont ___.

Choose one answer.

Answer and explanation

des journalistes. Ce sont introduces a plural identifying noun phrase: des journalistes.

Question 3No account needed
Identify the particular school director.Elle est ___.

Choose one answer.

Answer and explanation

la directrice de cette école. The definite article and school detail identify one specific role.