Verb drill

Retenir or mémoriser: practise remembering and learning by heart

Compare retenir and mémoriser, then complete twelve verb forms and sentences. Learn what you retain from a text and what you commit to memory.

In short

Retenir means to retain or remember information; mémoriser means to commit it to memory. Qu’as-tu retenu du texte ? asks what you took away from it. Mémorise ces deux phrases asks you to learn the phrases.

Yellow the idea to rememberBlue French to learn

A learner calmly recalling a text while speaking with a tutor, one plain closed book between them at a French study table, no printed pages.
Retenir l’essentiel means remembering the main points. Illustration: Atelier

retenirto retain; remember

Focus: the information you keep

retenir l’essentiel / retenir une date

J’ai retenu l’idée principale.
I remembered the main idea.

Que retenez-vous de cet article ?
What do you take away from this article?

mémoriserto memorise

Focus: committing information to memory

mémoriser une expression

Je veux mémoriser cette expression.
I want to memorise this expression.

Elle apprend ce passage par cœur.
She is learning this passage by heart.

The verbs overlap: je dois retenir cette date and je dois mémoriser cette date both work. Mémoriser makes the memory task explicit. Retenir also has other meanings: retenir quelqu’un can mean keeping someone from leaving; retenir ses larmes means holding back one’s tears.

Study first: two present-tense patterns
Subjectretenirmémoriser
jeretiensmémorise
turetiensmémorises
il / elle / onretientmémorise
nousretenonsmémorisons
vousretenezmémorisez
ils / ellesretiennentmémorisent

Complete the first six forms, then the sentences. Each sentence gives the infinitive to use. In the final two, write only the past participle: the auxiliary is already there.

1 · Present tense: retrieve the form

  • je · retenir
  • nous · retenir
  • elles · retenir
  • tu · mémoriser
  • vous · mémoriser
  • ils · mémoriser

2 · Meaning and form in context

  1. Tu facilement les noms. (retenir · present)
  2. Nous deux répliques pour le dialogue. (mémoriser · present)
  3. Que -vous de cette discussion ? (retenir · present)
  4. Elle ses larmes. (retenir · present)
  5. J’ai la date du rendez-vous. (retenir · past participle)
  6. Cette expression, je l’ai hier. (mémoriser · past participle)

What is the difference between retenir and mémoriser?

Question 1No account needed
What does retenir l’essentiel mean after reading?

Choose one answer.

Answer and explanation

Keep the main points in mind.. L’essentiel means the main points; the phrase focuses on what you take away.

Question 2No account needed
Which phrase means holding back tears?

Choose one answer.

Answer and explanation

Retenir ses larmes.. With ses larmes, retenir means holding back. Here the verb describes restraint rather than memory.